Which of the following functional groups is present in the molecule butanal (CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO)?
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The answer
Correct answer: B. An aldehyde group, characterized by a carbonyl carbon bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.
Tested concept: Identifying functional groups
Explanation
Butanal has the chemical formula CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO. The 'CHO' portion at the end of the chain is characteristic of an aldehyde functional group. An aldehyde consists of a carbonyl carbon (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom and one alkyl or aryl group. A ketone has a carbonyl carbon bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. A carboxylic acid contains a carbonyl carbon bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). An ester contains a carbonyl carbon bonded to an oxygen atom, which is then bonded to another alkyl or aryl group.
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